Muri Gaza ibitero bya Israel byahitanye abantu 81 abandi 198 barakomereka.

Ibitero byibasiye ahantu hatandukanye muri Gaza, harimo n’ibice bya Rafah, aho ibitero by’indege byahitanye abantu babiri, naho ingabo za Israel zikavuga ko zari mu bikorwa byo gushakisha abarwanyi no gusenya ibikoresho by’intambara.

Ibi byiyongera ku mibare isanzwe y’abantu bamaze kugwa muri iki gihe cya Gaza, aho imibare y’abapfuye igeze ku bihumbi 54 kuva mu Ukwakira 2023, nk’uko byatangajwe n’ibiro by’ubuzima muri Gaza.

Ubu bwicanyi bukomeje gukurura impaka mpuzamahanga, aho ibihugu byinshi n’imiryango mpuzamahanga basaba ko habaho guhagarika imirwano no kubahiriza amategeko mpuzamahanga agenga intambara.

Intambara iri kubera muri Gaza hagati ya Israel na Hamas ifite inkomoko mu mateka maremare y’ubwumvikane buke hagati y’Abayahudi n’Abanyapalestina, ndetse n’uburyo bw’imiyoborere n’ubutaka bwagiye buhinduka mu gihe cy’ikinyejana cya 20.

Amateka y’Intambara

Ubukolonize bw’Abongereza (1917–1948): Nyuma y’Intambara ya Mbere y’Isi, Ubwongereza bwahawe inshingano zo gucunga Palestiniya, ifite abaturage benshi b’Abanyapalestina n’Abayahudi bake. Mu 1917, Ubwongereza bwashyizeho itegeko rya Balfour ryemera ishyirwaho ry’igihugu cy’Abayahudi muri Palestiniya, ibintu byateje ubwumvikane buke hagati y’Abayahudi n’Abanyapalestina.

Ishyirwaho rya Israel (1948): Mu 1948, Abayahudi bashyizeho Leta ya Israel, ibintu byateje intambara n’ibihugu by’Abanyagalufiya ndetse n’Abanyapalestina benshi barahunga cyangwa barahambwa, ibi bikaba ari byo Abanyapalestina bita “Al Nakba” (Ibyago).

Gufata Gaza (1967): Mu ntambara ya 1967 (Six-Day War), Israel yafashe Gaza, West Bank, ndetse na Golan Heights. Nubwo mu 2005 Israel yakuyeho abasirikare bayo muri Gaza, yakomeje kugenzura imipaka, ikirere, n’inyanja, ikaba ikomeje kugira ububasha bukomeye ku buzima bwa buri munsi bw’Abanyapalestina muri Gaza .

Gufata ubutegetsi na Hamas (2007): Mu 2007, ishyaka rya Hamas ryafashe ubutegetsi muri Gaza nyuma yo gutsinda ishyaka rya Fatah, bituma Israel n’Ubutegetsi bwa Misiri bashyiraho inzira z’ubucuruzi n’ubufasha, bigatuma Gaza iba nk’ikigo cy’ubucuruzi gifunze.

Impamvu nyamukuru z’intambara

Ibitero bya Hamas (2023): Ku itariki ya 7 Ukwakira 2023, Hamas yakoze igitero gikomeye ku butaka bwa Israel, kikaba cyarateje igihombo gikomeye ku mpande zombi. Israel yasubijeho igitero gikomeye muri Gaza, kikaba cyaratumye abantu benshi bapfa, harimo n’abasivili benshi .

Ubukoloni n’ubuyobozi bwa Israel: Abanyapalestina benshi bavuga ko ubuyobozi bwa Israel muri Gaza n’ubundi butaka bw’Abanyapalestina ari nk’ubukoloni, aho bavuga ko bafite uburenganzira bwo kwishyira ukizana no kugira igihugu cyabo. Ibi byatumye Hamas itangira ibikorwa byo kurwanya Israel, harimo no gufata abakozi bayo nk’imbabazi.

Ibibazo by’ubutabera n’uburenganzira bwa muntu: Ibikorwa bya Israel byo kubuza Abanyapalestina uburenganzira bwo kwimuka, kubaka, no kubona ibikoresho by’ibanze byateje impaka zikomeye. Imiryango mpuzamahanga nka Amnesty International ivuga ko ibi bikorwa bisa n’ivangura.

Ibibazo by’umutekano n’ubutaka: Ibikorwa by’Abayahudi byo kwimuka mu bice bya West Bank no kubaka ibitaro n’ibindi bikorwa by’ubutaka byateje impaka n’ubwumvikane buke hagati ya Israel n’Abanyapalestina.

Ibihugu by’Uburayi: Ibihugu byinshi by’Uburayi byatangaje impungenge ku bikorwa bya Israel muri Gaza, by’umwihariko ku bijyanye n’uburenganzira bwa muntu no kugabanya ibiribwa n’ibikoresho by’ubuzima. Hari n’ibihugu byatangaje ko bigiye guhagarika imikoranire na Israel mu rwego rwo kugaragaza impungenge zabo.

Imiryango mpuzamahanga: Imiryango nka Loni n’indi yagiye isaba ko habaho guhagarika imirwano no kubahiriza amategeko mpuzamahanga agenga intambara, ariko kugeza ubu nta gihinduka gikomeye cyabaye.